激素和光照对抗松材线虫病赤松丛生芽离体保存的影响

为了保存通过抗病性测定表明具优良抗性的抗松材线虫病赤松丛生芽，笔者研究了不同激素和光照处理对其离体保存的影响。结果表明：17 ℃条件下，暗培养不适合抗病赤松丛生芽的离体保存；而在培养基中仅添加10 mg/L ABA或添加02 mg/L 6-BA+ （01~02） mg/L NAA的组合对丛生芽限制生长保存具有较好效果。二者均可使丛生芽离体保存后存活率高于94 %且恢复生长后芽体增殖率为100 %，植株生长健壮。     

双束激光法测薄透镜焦距的实验探究

利用激光特性,结合透镜三条特性光线之一,提供了一种利用平行激光束测量凹、凸透镜焦距的方法。该方法仪器装置简单,准确率高,拓宽了实验思路与方法,可作为学生设计实验。     

基于DMSP/OLS数据的全国空气污染物时空演变研究

基于美国国防气象卫星搭载传感器DMSP/OLS的夜间灯光遥感影像，从2000—2013年选取4年进行影像采集、影像校正等操作后，提取了灯光总量、灯光面积数据，根据年份间夜间灯光数据的增长量开展了全国各区域间的差异分析，结合空气污染物排放量进行了相关度分析。研究结果发现：（1）整体上全国夜间灯光量增幅变大，且增幅受相关年份政策影响。（2）夜间灯光总量与空气污染物排放量呈现正相关性，且两者相关系数较高；工业空气污染物与夜间灯光量相关性不断降低，同时生活空气污染物与夜间灯光量相关性不断提高。（3）夜间灯光总量与空气污染的高/高集聚区域一致性稳步提升。结合夜间灯光影像数据与空气污染数据，通过比较夜间灯光数据差异探讨空气污染物的时空演变，为我国空气污染的综合治理提供了一个新的视角。     

关于人类对光的本性认识的发展过程的再认识

对光本性的认识贯穿于物理学光学学科发展的整个过程。时至今日,光本性问题在光学这个古老而又常新和充满希望的学科中仍占有重要位置。本文从光学的发展史入手,阐述了不同时代的科学家在探讨光的本性问题的曲折过程。通过人们逐步对光的本性的认识,思考科学的艰辛历程,感受科学家的治学精神和探究方法。     

城市道路亮化节能的思考

文章通过分析城市道路照明现状及道路照明节能的重要性,并研究当前道路照明节能的主要方法,提出合理确定照明标准、选用发光率好的光源、科学控制开关时间、合理选择灯具、降低功耗、增加节电设施等道路照明节能措施。     

测量透镜组基点的一种简单方法

利用氦－氖激光器单向性好的特点，将激光束视为光线来处理，应用几何光学作图原理，简便、迅速地测出透镜的焦距和透镜组的基点。     

各向异性随机表面光散射轮廓实验研究

用原子力显微镜对Si（100）晶片样品进行了表面形貌测量，发现了其高度分布的各向异性，通过推导和计算得出了一维正弦位相光栅散射各级极大的位置分布曲线，并将此曲线应用到样品表面光散射轮廓的测量中，对测量结果进行了定性分析，发现了散射轮廓主极大和次级大随入射角的变化关系，表面参量的提取有待于各向异性表面相关理论的进一步研究．     

Photoluminescence from Ge-SiO2 thin films and its mechanism

Ge-SiO₂ thin films were deposited on p-type Si substrates using the radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering technique with a Ge-SiO₂ composite target. Films were annealed in N₂ ambience for 30 min at 300℃—1000℃ with an interval of 100℃. Through the X-ray diffraction, the average size of Ge nanocrystals (nc-Ge) was determined. They increased from 3.9 to 6.1 nm with increasing annealing temperature in the range of 600℃—1000℃. Under ultraviolet excitation, all samples emit a strong violet band centered at 396 nm. With the formation of nc-Ge, the samples exhibit another emission of orange band with the peak at 580 nm and its intensity increases with the increasing size of nc-Ge. The peak positions of two bands do not shift obviously. Experimental data indicate that the violet band comes from GeO defect and the orange band originates mainly from the luminescence centers at the interface between the nc-Ge and SiO₂ matrix.     

Synthesis of mesoporous polymeric carbon nitride exhibiting enhanced and durable visible light photocatalytic performance

A thiourea precursor was employed to synthesize mesoporous carbon nitride(C3 N4) by a thermal polycondensation process with high surface area SiO2 and nanosphere SiO2 as two types of hard templates. The resultant mesoporous C3 N4 samples have high surface areas(105–112 m2/g) and mesopores with narrow sizes distribution(9.3 nm). Photocatalytic performance was evaluated by removal of NO in air under visible light irradiation. The results showed that mesoporous C3 N4 samples exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic activity in comparison with bulk C3 N4, which also exceeded that of N-doped TiO2 and C-doped TiO2. The activity enhancement can be ascribed to the synergistic effects of large surface area and pore volume, enhanced light-harvesting ability, increased redox potential, and reduced recombination of charge carriers. In addition to the high activity, the mesoporous C3 N4 samples also showed high photochemical stability. The mesoporous C3 N4 photocatalysts with enhanced and durable activity could provide a new efficient material for environmental pollution control.     

机车新型闪烁灯光示警系统的性能实验研究

光信号示警受自然环境、气候、地段等的影响较小,尤其是在夜晚,示警效果高于声信号．新型闪烁示警灯光系统由头灯、一对具有闪烁功能的辅助照明灯组成“三角形”示警形状,并确定了灯碗散角、安装高度和间距等参数．通过实验,对灯光系统的性能进行研究,包括有效性验证、闪烁对司机眼疲劳的影响．结果表明,新型闪烁示警灯光系统的性能良好,兼顾了照明和示警的双重要求．